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The automated bus stop notification system is designed to alert bus drivers of passengers waiting at a bus stop. This system is designed to work at night when drivers are less likely to notice someone waiting because of dark conditions. The system is activated when a potential passenger activates the motion sensor inside the bus stop at night time. This sends a signal from the bus stop to the transit agency and turns on the LED signal outside of the bus stop. There is also a manual button that can be pressed to activate the system at any time. Because the bus is also connected to the network, the bus can receive the data from the network that an upcoming bus stop has someone waiting for the bus. The bus can then automatically turn on the stop requested signal when it approaches the occupied bus stop.
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Our project seeks to promote sustainable and resilient food systems in residential settings by introducing an innovative automated hydroponic system that allows for year-round indoor cultivation of fresh and nutritious produce. By reducing the need for traditional soil-based farming practices and relying on efficient hydroponic techniques, our system reduces the environmental impact of food production while also promoting healthier and more sustainable dietary choices for individuals and communities. By providing a convenient and accessible solution for home-based food production, we aim to empower individuals to take an active role in shaping their own food systems, promoting food security and community resilience in the face of challenges such as climate change and resource scarcity.
The scope of this project is to develop a horizontal hydroponic system that can be used in a residential setting. The system is designed to occupy limited space and features automated control using Microcontrollers (ESP32 and Arduino UNO) for parameters such as turbidity, pH control, temperature control, water pumps, and dosing pump control for feeding the plant. The system also includes LED lights, nutrient supplementation, and a webpage for monitoring the sensor output. The system will be used to grow lettuce and basil in a controlled microenvironment with reduced water usage, no need for fertilizers, and no use of pesticides. By eliminating soil erosion, reducing fossil fuels, and producing more plants, this project is an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for home-based agriculture.
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The project we are proposing is a high-fidelity audio system. When designing the system we came across the early decision of if we should use and FPGA or DSP chip. While the DPS chips are more specialized for signal processing, the FPGA has more processing power overall. Since we wanted to incorporate room correction into the design, the extra power and flexibility was desired. We then decided on the Arty A7 35 as our base FPGA development board. It met all our requirements and came with all the extra peripherals we could need for the project.
The system itself will comprise of a Bluetooth signal inputting a data stream to an FPGA. Using a cellular phone, we plan on transmitting a signal to and ESP 32 development board. The ESP32 will then convert the signal to and signal and send the data to the FPGA. The signal will be 24-bit and sampled at 192kHz. The board programmed to be operating separately from the Arty board in a standalone mode. We will attempt stereo sound with dual channel output using word select.
On a breadboard, we will have a UAD1334 DAC and 1 maybe 2 SPH0645 microphones. The microphones are 8-bit, and the software will extend that to 24-bit to match the system. The audio signal after running through the Arty and software will come out to the DAC and then out to a waiting pair of speakers. The DAC has a built-in mute as well. Upon exiting the speaker, the audio and noise will be picked up by the microphones and sent back to the system. The system will then process the audio smoothing the curve and eliminating noise for optimal listening.
The room correction software and FIR filter will do all the work in this design. The FIR filter is designed to have a frequency response of 10Hz-23kHz. It will sample the audio at 192kHz and read at 24-bits. The correction software will measure each speaker's output and relay that back per channel. The software will create filter coefficients based on the reading and correct the frequency and timing of the signal. The new signal is output, and the system continues to monitor the room for acoustic changes.
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Our project is a prosthetic hand which restores grasping capability of amputees using a 3D printed thumb and two fingers applying Electromyography (EMG). EMG electrodes are placed at the forearm targeting three different muscle groups: pronator teres, palmaris longus and flexor digitorum superficialis. The EMG receives raw muscle signals from these muscle groups which are converted to electrical signals by the EMG. The signals are smoothened using filters including a band pass filter, noise filter and a notch filter which prevents baseline drift elimination. The supply voltage of the EMG is +/- 9V dual power supply maximum, +/- 3.5V minimum. These electrical signals are transmitted to the Arduino Nano ARP2040 Connect [ABX00052] which operates at 20MHz with 5V supply voltage. The three NANO V3.0 controller boards are programmed and operates the three MG995 servo motors which offer a 180 degree rotation with high speed torque. Hardware components of our project are embedded in a 3D printed forearm frame. Trilene 100% Fluorocarbon strings are attached to the servo motors which facilitate the movement of the fingers. Opening and closing of prosthetic fingers is activated only when the raw EMG signal reaches the threshold of 250.
The scope of our project is to build a prosthetic hand which allows amputees to restore artificial grasping capability while moving the natural portion of the arm. The pathway in accomplishing our scope is by using Electromyography (EMG) which provides real time experience to amputees in moving their thumb, index and middle finger. There are 11-16 3D printed parts in our prosthetic hand to mimic the phalanges and possess joints similar to a natural hand. The 3 pins from the servo motors are connected to the Arduino, Red: 5V Brown: Ground Yellow: Control in order to operate from the electrical signals detected. Our device is built for amputees without a hand. The project requires background knowledge and research from key subjects encompassing electronics, digital electronics, biology(anatomy), coding(C++), 3D printing/modelling and troubleshooting. Our product’s ability towards modifications and innovations which allows customers to experience hybrid and upgraded versions of our product makes it standalone from other projects and prosthetics across the biomedical industry.
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We designed and built a horizontal syringe pump with the purpose of feeding in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The horizontal position of the syringe in this device ensures the proper nutrients are received by the neonatal patients. This is possible because in the vertical position nutrients and fats from the formula or breast milk separate and the most important nutrients are at the top of the substance and not delivered to the patient. With the horizontal position the nutrients separate in the syringe but are still able to be delivered to the patient. Most nutrients are lost in the first 30 minutes of a feeding, (Zozaya et al, 2018). By using horizontal syringe pump this can be avoided more than any other alternative feeding pumps.
Our syringe pump is designed with an Arduino board, an LCD and keypad buttons. The stepper motor has steps with four adjustable settings for flow rate, also known as patient feeding rate.
The code required to run this device is long and includes many defined variables and functions with while loops and equations to adjust timing and speed. There can be many adjustments made within the code to ensure maximum safety features and ability to shut off and remove the syringe earlier than the assigned time if needed. We can further break this project down by having a long coding process using an LCD and stepper motor with different speed set functions, a long mechanical setting including a 3D design and print.
Our scope was large enough to include four working students, with advice from industry experts, such as staff or fellow students with a background in electronics or other related studies. We were required to maintain a record of different technical difficulties for a physical logbook which will be able to be used at a later date as guidance for anybody who wants to build a project like this from the very start.
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An IoT-based solar irrigation system uses solar energy and the internet of things (IoT) to optimise agricultural watering, which is a clever and sustainable approach to agriculture. In order to manage irrigation in real-time, the system comprises of a network of sensors, controllers, and actuators that are linked to the internet and interact with one another.
The main goal of this project is to develop and deploy a solar irrigation system based on the Internet of Things that can effectively irrigate crops while saving water and money on energy. Solar energy will be used to power the system, decreasing the requirement for grid power and increasing its sustainability and efficiency.This research and design project have accomplished the following objectives:
- Reduced water consumption: The technology will help farmers save money on water bills by monitoring soil moisture levels and applying water only when necessary.
- Increased crop yield: By ensuring that crops receive the proper amount of water at the appropriate time, the system will increase crop yield and quality.
- Cost Savings: Because the system will be fueled by solar energy, it won't require grid power, which will save energy expenditures.
- Remote monitoring: Farmers will be able to remotely monitor the system, which will help them swiftly identify and fix problems.
- Ultimately, an IoT-based solar irrigation system is a cutting-edge and environmentally friendly method of farming that may assist farmers with improving their irrigation techniques, conserving water, and lowering their energy expenses.
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Age-related cognitive decline can result in elderly individuals experiencing memory impairment, which necessitates continuous supervision. Individuals with dementia or Alzheimer's disease are susceptible to wandering or becoming disoriented, with a tendency to wander into areas where they may not be readily found. To address this issue, researchers propose an assistive LoRa-based tracking device that can be worn or attached to a wheelchair or walker for real-time location monitoring. It uses Long Range (LoRa) technology that wirelessly communicates with a LoRa gateway. The LoRa technology allows for long-range communication at low power, making it an ideal solution for tracking devices. The LoRa module is responsible for sending location and other data from the device to the LoRa gateway, which in turn forwards the data to a cloud server. The cloud server then makes the location data available to the end user via a website. The device also includes a panic button for the elderly person to press during emergencies and geo-fencing technology to alert caregivers if the elderly wanders beyond a predefined area. LoRa-based tracking devices are an efficient and cost-effective solution for location tracking, particularly for applications such as elder care where long battery life and low power consumption are important factors. The researchers aim to implement the device in the healthcare industry, particularly in retirement homes.
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As the global economy expands, the consumption of fossil fuels like coal and oil increases, leading to a decline in the world's energy reserves and exacerbating environmental pollution. In recent years, the shortcomings of the conventional large-scale power grid have become more apparent due to widespread blackouts worldwide. To solve the current energy crisis and environmental issues, clean and pollution-free renewable energy sources such as wind and solar have gained significant attention and support from governments worldwide. One promising approach to implementing these alternative energy sources is using microgrids.
We are making the microgrid with Smart Energy Management System using arduino. This system is based on artificial intelligence which monitors the load demand of residential/commercial along with energy produced by different renewable energy resources connected in the system. It uses real-time data from sensors to monitor energy production and consumption, as well as the status of energy storage systems. Based on the load supply, the EMS tends to switch between different renewable energy resources.
Microgrid technology includes the integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind sources as well as energy storage systems such as batteries, into a localized power grid system. This integration enables the microgrid to operate independently of the larger power grid, or to be connected and exchange energy when needed.
The smart energy management system is designed to optimize energy usage in the microgrid. Overall, a smart energy management system with microgrid technology offers a sustainable and efficient solution for managing energy consumption, reducing costs, and increasing energy resilience.
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This project aims to develop a USB light that communicates with a power source that utilizes the Quick Charge technology. By simulating the behavior of a Quick Charge 3.0 portable device, we can use power banks and phone chargers as power source for our light. Doing so allows the light to be more powerful, versatile, efficient, and environmentally friendly. The light can be used as a desk lamp, work light, and other scenarios that require a portable light. We have many power banks equipped with Quick Charge; however, only smartphones and laptops can use the Quick Charge function. Therefore, we started researching and decided to design a portable LED light that supports Quick Charge.
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The biggest challenge for blind people and those who are visually impaired is to commute independently; The infamous white cane requires one to leave a hand occupied with it at all times and its range is limited, and service dogs are an optimal solution, but they are not affordable for everyone since they are highly costly, can take up to years to train, and require maintenance and care. I aim to provide an alternative solution that is less costly and doesn't require any maintenance. The solution I am suggesting is a wearable & audible obstacle detector.
As the name suggests, the device is able to detect an obstacle in the path of the user and output the distance to the user through headphones (3.5mm Auxiliary). It utilizes a TOF (Time of Flight) LIDAR distance sensor and two microcontrollers (PIC & Arduino) to scan for objects and scale their distance from the user into 0.5m increments ranging from 0.5m to 4m. Furthermore, the audio trigger soundboard used in the system has a hard drive that allows me to store audio files on it and associate them with 11 trigger pins while choosing how the files are triggered on each pin (hold, latch, loop, next, random). The determined distance range of the obstacle dictates which audio file to be triggered. Also, a buzzer will sound an alarm if the distance is 0.5m and will sound a different tone alarm for 1m.
The operation of the device can be described in 3 different phases that are in a continuous loop. These are briefly described below:
- Initialization phase: the user turns on the device using a switch. a welcoming message is triggered prompting the user to enter user manual mode or continue to start detecting.
- Sensing and Communication phase: there are only 8 outputs to the soundboard (8 distance ranges), there is no need to communicate the actual distance variable from Arduino to PIC. It is sufficient to communicate the range of the variable in increments of 0.5m and each range is represented by a combination of the bits. Therefore, after the Arduino Uno obtains information from the sensor, the distance is quantized into the ranges and then transmitted to PIC using the digital communication method described above.
- Output phase: PIC demodulates the transmitted information and translates it into a distance. Then, the soundboard pin containing the distance range is triggered accordingly.
Furthermore, the device needed to be more user-friendly and it needed to allow for some user customization of the operation. Therefore, the following features were made available:- Maximum range setup using 4 different combinations of 2 pushbuttons (4m, 3m, 2m, 1m increments of 0.5m),
- Buzzer on/off control using a pushbutton,
- Cycle delay duration setup using a pushbutton (choosing between 0.5 seconds and 1.5 seconds or 1 second when the max range is set to 2m),
- Ensuring the readiness of the user before startup using a limit switch, user manual mode containing Audio instructions using a rocker switch and a limit switch to cycle through files, music mode that is similar to the user manual mode in operation, but it contains calming music files to relieve the user from the continuous distance messages, and a rechargeable power bank that powers the circuit and can be used as a phone charger as well,
- An automatic silencing feature when the same distance is repeated 3 times.
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Presenting our Solar Powered Water Purification System - a state-of-the-art solution that not only filters water using the power of the sun but also measures and displays key water quality indicators. With our system, you can trust that the water you drink is not only clean and safe but also meets the highest standards of pH, turbidity, and temperature. Our innovative design allows us to display these values on both the filtered and unfiltered sides of the water, providing a comprehensive and transparent view of the water quality. Join us in our mission to promote sustainability, public health, and data-driven decision-making by leveraging the power of our Solar Powered Water Purification System.